![]() The Old English term was retained as gospel in Middle English Bible translations and hence remains in use also in Modern English.Ĭanonical gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke and John In Old English, it was translated as gōdspel ( gōd "good" + spel "news"). The Greek term was Latinized as evangelium in the Vulgate, and translated into Latin as bona annuntiatio. Gospel is the Old English translation of the Hellenistic Greek term εὐαγγέλιον, meaning "good news" this may be seen from analysis of ευαγγέλιον ( εὖ "good" + ἄγγελος "messenger" + -ιον diminutive suffix). Important examples include the gospels of Thomas, Peter, Judas, and Mary infancy gospels such as that of James (the first to introduce the perpetual virginity of Mary) and gospel harmonies such as the Diatessaron. Many non-canonical gospels were also written, all later than the four canonical gospels, and like them advocating the particular theological views of their various authors. The contradictions and discrepancies between the first three and John make it impossible to accept both traditions as equally reliable. ![]() There is near-consensus that John had its origins as the hypothetical Signs Gospel thought to have been circulated within a Johannine community. The authors of Matthew and Luke both independently used Mark for their narrative of Jesus's career, supplementing it with a collection of sayings called "the Q source", and additional material unique to each. Mark was the first to be written, using a variety of sources. All four were anonymous (with the modern names of the " Four Evangelists" added in the 2nd century), almost certainly none were by eyewitnesses, and all are the end-products of long oral and written transmission. They were probably written between AD 66 and 110. The canonical gospels are the four which appear in the New Testament of the Bible. Modern biblical scholars are cautious of relying on the gospels uncritically, but nevertheless, they provide a good idea of the public career of Jesus, and critical study can attempt to distinguish the original ideas of Jesus from those of the later Christian authors. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words and deeds of Jesus, culminating in his trial and death and concluding with various reports of his post-resurrection appearances. Gospel originally meant the Christian message (" the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was reported.
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